425 lines
18 KiB
C++
425 lines
18 KiB
C++
/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
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/*
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* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
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* published by the Free Software Foundation;
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*
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* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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* GNU General Public License for more details.
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*
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* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
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* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
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*
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*/
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//
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// This ns-3 example demonstrates the use of helper functions to ease
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// the construction of simulation scenarios.
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//
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// The simulation topology consists of a mixed wired and wireless
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// scenario in which a hierarchical mobility model is used.
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//
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// The simulation layout consists of N backbone routers interconnected
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// by an ad hoc wifi network.
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// Each backbone router also has a local 802.11 network and is connected
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// to a local LAN. An additional set of (K-1) nodes are connected to
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// this backbone. Finally, a local LAN is connected to each router
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// on the backbone, with L-1 additional hosts.
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//
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// The nodes are populated with TCP/IP stacks, and OLSR unicast routing
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// on the backbone. An example UDP transfer is shown. The simulator
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// be configured to output tcpdumps or traces from different nodes.
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//
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//
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// +--------------------------------------------------------+
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// | |
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// | 802.11 ad hoc, ns-2 mobility |
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// | |
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// +--------------------------------------------------------+
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// | o o o (N backbone routers) |
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// +--------+ +--------+
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// wired LAN | mobile | wired LAN | mobile |
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// -----------| router | -----------| router |
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// --------- ---------
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// | |
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// +----------------+ +----------------+
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// | 802.11 | | 802.11 |
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// | infra net | | infra net |
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// | K-1 hosts | | K-1 hosts |
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// +----------------+ +----------------+
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//
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// We'll send data from the first wired LAN node on the first wired LAN
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// to the last wireless STA on the last infrastructure net, thereby
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// causing packets to traverse CSMA to adhoc to infrastructure links
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//
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// Note that certain mobility patterns may cause packet forwarding
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// to fail (if nodes become disconnected)
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#include <fstream>
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#include <string>
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#include "ns3/core-module.h"
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#include "ns3/common-module.h"
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#include "ns3/node-module.h"
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#include "ns3/helper-module.h"
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#include "ns3/mobility-module.h"
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#include "ns3/contrib-module.h"
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#include "ns3/wifi-module.h"
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using namespace ns3;
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//
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// Define logging keyword for this file
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//
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NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("MixedWireless");
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//
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// This function will be used below as a trace sink, if the command-line
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// argument or default value "useCourseChangeCallback" is set to true
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//
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static void
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CourseChangeCallback (std::string path, Ptr<const MobilityModel> model)
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{
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Vector position = model->GetPosition ();
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std::cout << "CourseChange " << path << " x=" << position.x << ", y=" << position.y << ", z=" << position.z << std::endl;
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}
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int
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main (int argc, char *argv[])
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{
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//
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// First, we declare and initialize a few local variables that control some
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// simulation parameters.
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//
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uint32_t backboneNodes = 10;
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uint32_t infraNodes = 5;
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uint32_t lanNodes = 5;
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uint32_t stopTime = 10;
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bool useCourseChangeCallback = false;
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bool enableTracing = false;
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//
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// Simulation defaults are typically set next, before command line
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// arguments are parsed.
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//
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Config::SetDefault ("ns3::OnOffApplication::PacketSize", StringValue ("210"));
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Config::SetDefault ("ns3::OnOffApplication::DataRate", StringValue ("10kb/s"));
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//
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// For convenience, we add the local variables to the command line argument
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// system so that they can be overridden with flags such as
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// "--backboneNodes=20"
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//
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CommandLine cmd;
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cmd.AddValue("backboneNodes", "number of backbone nodes", backboneNodes);
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cmd.AddValue ("infraNodes", "number of leaf nodes", infraNodes);
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cmd.AddValue("lanNodes", "number of LAN nodes", lanNodes);
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cmd.AddValue("stopTime", "simulation stop time (seconds)", stopTime);
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cmd.AddValue("useCourseChangeCallback", "whether to enable course change tracing", useCourseChangeCallback);
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cmd.AddValue("enableTracing", "enable tracing", enableTracing);
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//
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// The system global variables and the local values added to the argument
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// system can be overridden by command line arguments by using this call.
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//
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cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// //
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// Construct the backbone //
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// //
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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//
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// Create a container to manage the nodes of the adhoc (backbone) network.
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// Later we'll create the rest of the nodes we'll need.
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//
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NodeContainer backbone;
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backbone.Create (backboneNodes);
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//
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// Create the backbone wifi net devices and install them into the nodes in
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// our container
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//
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WifiHelper wifi;
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NqosWifiMacHelper mac = NqosWifiMacHelper::Default ();
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mac.SetType ("ns3::AdhocWifiMac");
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wifi.SetRemoteStationManager ("ns3::ConstantRateWifiManager",
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"DataMode", StringValue ("wifia-54mbs"));
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YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default ();
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YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default ();
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wifiPhy.SetChannel (wifiChannel.Create ());
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NetDeviceContainer backboneDevices = wifi.Install (wifiPhy, mac, backbone);
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// We enable OLSR (which will be consulted at a higher priority than
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// the global routing) on the backbone ad hoc nodes
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NS_LOG_INFO ("Enabling OLSR routing on all backbone nodes");
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OlsrHelper olsr;
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//
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// Add the IPv4 protocol stack to the nodes in our container
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//
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InternetStackHelper internet;
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internet.SetRoutingHelper (olsr);
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internet.Install (backbone);
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// re-initialize for non-olsr routing.
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internet.Reset ();
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//
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// Assign IPv4 addresses to the device drivers (actually to the associated
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// IPv4 interfaces) we just created.
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//
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Ipv4AddressHelper ipAddrs;
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ipAddrs.SetBase ("192.168.0.0", "255.255.255.0");
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ipAddrs.Assign (backboneDevices);
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//
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// The ad-hoc network nodes need a mobility model so we aggregate one to
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// each of the nodes we just finished building.
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//
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MobilityHelper mobility;
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Ptr<ListPositionAllocator> positionAlloc =
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CreateObject<ListPositionAllocator> ();
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double x = 0.0;
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for (uint32_t i = 0; i < backboneNodes; ++i)
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{
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positionAlloc->Add (Vector (x, 0.0, 0.0));
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x += 5.0;
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}
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mobility.SetPositionAllocator (positionAlloc);
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mobility.SetMobilityModel ("ns3::RandomDirection2dMobilityModel",
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"Bounds", RectangleValue (Rectangle (0, 20, 0, 20)),
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"Speed", RandomVariableValue (ConstantVariable (2)),
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"Pause", RandomVariableValue (ConstantVariable (0.2)));
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mobility.Install (backbone);
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// //
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// Construct the LANs //
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// //
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// Reset the address base-- all of the CSMA networks will be in
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// the "172.16 address space
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ipAddrs.SetBase ("172.16.0.0", "255.255.255.0");
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for (uint32_t i = 0; i < backboneNodes; ++i)
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{
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NS_LOG_INFO ("Configuring local area network for backbone node " << i);
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//
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// Create a container to manage the nodes of the LAN. We need
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// two containers here; one with all of the new nodes, and one
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// with all of the nodes including new and existing nodes
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//
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NodeContainer newLanNodes;
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newLanNodes.Create (lanNodes - 1);
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// Now, create the container with all nodes on this link
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NodeContainer lan (backbone.Get (i), newLanNodes);
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//
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// Create the CSMA net devices and install them into the nodes in our
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// collection.
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//
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CsmaHelper csma;
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csma.SetChannelAttribute ("DataRate",
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DataRateValue (DataRate (5000000)));
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csma.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", TimeValue (MilliSeconds (2)));
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NetDeviceContainer lanDevices = csma.Install (lan);
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//
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// Add the IPv4 protocol stack to the new LAN nodes
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//
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internet.Install (newLanNodes);
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//
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// Assign IPv4 addresses to the device drivers (actually to the
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// associated IPv4 interfaces) we just created.
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//
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ipAddrs.Assign (lanDevices);
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//
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// Assign a new network prefix for the next LAN, according to the
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// network mask initialized above
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//
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ipAddrs.NewNetwork ();
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}
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// //
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// Construct the mobile networks //
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// //
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// Reset the address base-- all of the 802.11 networks will be in
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// the "10.0" address space
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ipAddrs.SetBase ("10.0.0.0", "255.255.255.0");
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for (uint32_t i = 0; i < backboneNodes; ++i)
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{
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NS_LOG_INFO ("Configuring wireless network for backbone node " << i);
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//
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// Create a container to manage the nodes of the LAN. We need
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// two containers here; one with all of the new nodes, and one
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// with all of the nodes including new and existing nodes
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//
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NodeContainer stas;
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stas.Create (infraNodes - 1);
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// Now, create the container with all nodes on this link
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NodeContainer infra (backbone.Get (i), stas);
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//
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// Create an infrastructure network
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//
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WifiHelper wifiInfra = WifiHelper::Default ();
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NqosWifiMacHelper macInfra = NqosWifiMacHelper::Default ();
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wifiPhy.SetChannel (wifiChannel.Create ());
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// Create unique ssids for these networks
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std::string ssidString("wifi-infra");
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std::stringstream ss;
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ss << i;
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ssidString += ss.str();
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Ssid ssid = Ssid (ssidString);
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wifiInfra.SetRemoteStationManager ("ns3::ArfWifiManager");
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// setup stas
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macInfra.SetType ("ns3::NqstaWifiMac",
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"Ssid", SsidValue (ssid),
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"ActiveProbing", BooleanValue (false));
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NetDeviceContainer staDevices = wifiInfra.Install (wifiPhy, macInfra, stas);
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// setup ap.
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macInfra.SetType ("ns3::NqapWifiMac", "Ssid", SsidValue (ssid),
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"BeaconGeneration", BooleanValue (true),
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"BeaconInterval", TimeValue (Seconds (2.5)));
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NetDeviceContainer apDevices = wifiInfra.Install (wifiPhy, macInfra, backbone.Get (i));
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// Collect all of these new devices
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NetDeviceContainer infraDevices (apDevices, staDevices);
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// Add the IPv4 protocol stack to the nodes in our container
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//
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internet.Install (stas);
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//
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// Assign IPv4 addresses to the device drivers (actually to the associated
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// IPv4 interfaces) we just created.
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//
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ipAddrs.Assign (infraDevices);
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//
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// Assign a new network prefix for each mobile network, according to
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// the network mask initialized above
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//
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ipAddrs.NewNetwork ();
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//
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// The new wireless nodes need a mobility model so we aggregate one
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// to each of the nodes we just finished building.
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//
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Ptr<ListPositionAllocator> subnetAlloc =
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CreateObject<ListPositionAllocator> ();
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for (uint32_t j = 0; j < infra.GetN (); ++j)
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{
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subnetAlloc->Add (Vector (0.0, j, 0.0));
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}
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mobility.PushReferenceMobilityModel (backbone.Get (i));
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mobility.SetPositionAllocator (subnetAlloc);
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mobility.SetMobilityModel ("ns3::RandomDirection2dMobilityModel",
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"Bounds", RectangleValue (Rectangle (-10, 10, -10, 10)),
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"Speed", RandomVariableValue (ConstantVariable (3)),
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"Pause", RandomVariableValue (ConstantVariable (0.4)));
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mobility.Install (infra);
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}
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// //
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// Routing configuration //
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// //
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// The below global routing does not take into account wireless effects.
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// However, it is useful for setting default routes for all of the nodes
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// such as the LAN nodes.
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NS_LOG_INFO ("Enabling global routing on all nodes");
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Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper::PopulateRoutingTables ();
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// //
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// Application configuration //
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// //
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// Create the OnOff application to send UDP datagrams of size
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// 210 bytes at a rate of 10 Kb/s, between two nodes
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// We'll send data from the first wired LAN node on the first wired LAN
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// to the last wireless STA on the last infrastructure net, thereby
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// causing packets to traverse CSMA to adhoc to infrastructure links
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NS_LOG_INFO ("Create Applications.");
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uint16_t port = 9; // Discard port (RFC 863)
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// Let's make sure that the user does not define too few nodes
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// to make this example work. We need lanNodes > 1 and infraNodes > 1
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NS_ASSERT (lanNodes > 1 && infraNodes > 1);
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// We want the source to be the first node created outside of the backbone
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// Conveniently, the variable "backboneNodes" holds this node index value
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Ptr<Node> appSource = NodeList::GetNode (backboneNodes);
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// We want the sink to be the last node created in the topology.
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uint32_t lastNodeIndex = backboneNodes + backboneNodes*(lanNodes - 1) + backboneNodes*(infraNodes - 1) - 1;
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Ptr<Node> appSink = NodeList::GetNode (lastNodeIndex);
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// Let's fetch the IP address of the last node, which is on Ipv4Interface 1
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Ipv4Address remoteAddr = appSink->GetObject<Ipv4> ()->GetAddress(1, 0).GetLocal ();
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OnOffHelper onoff ("ns3::UdpSocketFactory",
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Address (InetSocketAddress (remoteAddr, port)));
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onoff.SetAttribute ("OnTime", RandomVariableValue (ConstantVariable (1)));
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onoff.SetAttribute ("OffTime", RandomVariableValue (ConstantVariable (0)));
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ApplicationContainer apps = onoff.Install (appSource);
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apps.Start (Seconds (3.0));
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apps.Stop (Seconds (20.0));
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// Create a packet sink to receive these packets
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PacketSinkHelper sink ("ns3::UdpSocketFactory",
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InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), port));
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apps = sink.Install (appSink);
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apps.Start (Seconds (3.0));
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// //
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// Tracing configuration //
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// //
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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NS_LOG_INFO ("Configure Tracing.");
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if (enableTracing == true)
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{
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CsmaHelper csma;
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//
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// Let's set up some ns-2-like ascii traces, using another helper class
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//
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AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
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Ptr<OutputStreamObject> stream = ascii.CreateFileStream ("mixed-wireless.tr");
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wifiPhy.EnableAsciiAll (stream);
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csma.EnableAsciiAll (stream);
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internet.EnableAsciiIpv4All (stream);
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// Let's do a pcap trace on the application source and sink, ifIndex 0
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// Csma captures in non-promiscuous mode
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#if 0
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csma.EnablePcap ("mixed-wireless", appSource->GetId (), 0, false);
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#else
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csma.EnablePcapAll ("mixed-wireless", false);
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#endif
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wifiPhy.EnablePcap ("mixed-wireless", appSink->GetId (), 0);
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wifiPhy.EnablePcap ("mixed-wireless", 9, 2);
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wifiPhy.EnablePcap ("mixed-wireless", 9, 0);
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}
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if (useCourseChangeCallback == true)
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{
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Config::Connect ("/NodeList/*/$ns3::MobilityModel/CourseChange", MakeCallback (&CourseChangeCallback));
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}
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// //
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// Run simulation //
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// //
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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NS_LOG_INFO ("Run Simulation.");
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Simulator::Stop (Seconds (stopTime));
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Simulator::Run ();
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Simulator::Destroy ();
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}
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